Democracy, scientific research and AI: An indispensable link

We live in an era where distrust in science and data is increasingly palpable, especially in times of post-truth. In this context, the rhythms of science and politics are often misaligned, making it difficult to effectively integrate scientific evidence into public debate and decision-making.

However, it is essential that data become the foundation of any informed discussion, thus promoting more accurate and transparent decisions.

I will explore three areas where collaboration among science communities and civil society organisations plays a key role in fostering an ethical and equitable approach to AI.

AI and research

Strengthening discussions about data, infrastructure and governance is essential to advance the integration of artificial intelligence into scientific research.

Recently, at the “Preparing National Science Ecosystems for AI – The policy perspective” workshop organised by the International Science Council Centre for Science Futures and the Latin America Open Data Initiative (ILDA), and held in Chile, there was a discussion about how action-oriented research from civil society organisations can open a channel of collaboration with the scientific community, and promote a vision of open science.

To transform research into action is one of ILDA’s main objectives. This means building bridges between technical communities and organisations that can most benefit from the use of data, research and technological tools to generate greater democratic representation.

For example, one of the processes that allow us to do this is the standardisation of types of violence the LGBTIQ community faces in Central America. Through a rigorous methodology, a database with common variables was developed. This technical instrument is a useful tool to trigger policy actions to address the problem but also for the conversations based on evidence to foster social change.

From ILDA’s perspective, action-oriented research is crucial. However, one of the major challenges we face is the increasing cost of obtaining quality data and the lack of sufficient resources for research at public universities and science institutes.

It is imperative to seek solutions that allow more equitable and affordable access to the data needed for meaningful research and AI development.

AI and open data

Reinforcing commitment to open data policies is an unavoidable task. This openness should not be limited only to the data itself but should also include governance processes that are accessible and transparent to the entire community. By building a strong community and opening processes inclusively, all involved actors will be able to actively participate in the governance of open data.

In summary, the integration of science, democracy and AI requires a joint effort to promote open data policies, support research from civil society and ensure that data is accessible and governed transparently.

Only then can we advance towards a more informed and democratic society, where science and data play a central role in decision-making and the improvement of people’s quality of life.

AI and legislation in Latin America

The current state of AI legislation in Latin America presents both opportunities and challenges for the integration of AI in scientific research and public policy.

Several countries in the region are developing or have implemented AI strategies and frameworks that aim to foster innovation while addressing ethical, social and economic implications. For instance, Brazil and Colombia have made significant strides in formulating national AI strategies that emphasise data governance, transparency and inclusivity.

These legislative efforts are crucial for creating a robust infrastructure that supports the responsible use of AI. However, there is still much work to be done to ensure that these frameworks are effectively implemented and that they promote an environment conducive to open science and data-driven decision-making.

Collaboration between government, academia, scientific communities and civil society is essential to shape AI policies that align with democratic values and scientific integrity.

Civil society plays a vital role in defending civic space, especially when science comes under attack. Organisations and activists work tirelessly to protect the integrity of scientific research and advocate for evidence-based policies.

In an era where misinformation can easily spread, civil society’s efforts to promote transparency, accountability and public engagement are more important than ever.

These groups also act as watchdogs, holding governments and institutions accountable for their actions. By advocating for the defence of civic space, they ensure that scientists and researchers can work without fear of censorship or reprisal, thereby safeguarding the freedom of inquiry and the flow of information.

In summary, the integration of science, democracy and AI requires a joint effort to promote open data policies, support research for action from civil society organisations, and ensure that data is accessible and governed transparently.

The evolving landscape of AI legislation in Latin America can play a pivotal role in this process, fostering an ecosystem where science and data are central to decision-making. The work of civil society in defending civic space is crucial in maintaining the integrity and credibility of scientific endeavours, ultimately leading to a more informed and democratic society.

Gloria Guerrero is executive director of the Latin American Alliance for Open Data (ILDA) based in Uruguay. ILDA works to promote ethical uses of data, and since 2012 has developed applied research to advance the open data field and connect evidence and policy-makers. Guerrero’s expertise is in connecting data, technology and human rights, and she works towards strengthening democracy and reducing inequality.

References

• Inteligencia artificial y democracia. Published in 2024 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in Paris, France; the UNESCO Regional Office in Montevideo, Uruguay; and the Latin American Council of Social Sciences.

• Coproducir IA: Una guía para hacer que la IA funcione para el bien común. María Esther Cervantes y Fabrizio Scrollini, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID), International Development Research Centre (IDRC), 2020.

• Data for development: The road ahead. Fabrizio Scrollini, Katie Clancy, Silvana Fumega and Ana Sofia Ruiz, ILDA, and IDRC, 2020.